Competitive research funds are provided to researchers by grant organizations that invite applications from a broad range of research fields. Which projects will be awarded funding is decided based on overall evaluations of the proposals with the participation of experts in the field. This program was incorporated into the 2001 Basic Program for Science and Technology with the aim of maximizing the abilities of researchers. Traditionally, researchers’ personal histories and achievements were included in grant evaluations, and emphasis was on group research. But with this plan many young researchers have also received funding, as the focus is on individual ideas and abilities.