Science Links Japan | Surveillance of susceptibility of clinical isolates of various bacterial species to antibacterial agents. No.2. Gram-negative bacteria isolated in 1998.

Surveillance of susceptibility of clinical isolates of various bacterial species to antibacterial agents. No.2. Gram-negative bacteria isolated in 1998.

Accession number;00A0829645

Title;Surveillance of susceptibility of clinical isolates of various bacterial species to antibacterial agents. No.2. Gram-negative bacteria isolated in 1998.

Author; YOSHIDA ISAMU (Shionogi & Co., Ltd, JPN) HIGASHIYAMA ISAO (Shionogi & Co., Ltd, JPN) KIMURA YOSHIJI (Shionogi & Co., Ltd, JPN) SASAKI SHIMARU (Shionogi & Co., Ltd.)

Journal Title;Japanese Journal of Chemotherapy

Journal Code:F0608A

ISSN:1340-7007

VOL.48;NO.8;PAGE.610-632(2000)

Figure&Table&Reference;TBL.19, REF.39

Pub. Country;Japan

Language;Japanese

Abstract;The activity of various antibacterial agents against clinical isolates of 1,069 strains of gram-negative aerobic bacteria (18 species) was assessed by agar-dilution MIC determination. The clinical isolates were isolated in 1998 at 14 facilities in Japan. Most of the .BETA.-lactams showed no decrease in antibacterial activity against Enterobacteriaceae (excluding Klebsiella oxytoca and Proteus vulgaris) when compared with our previous reports. However, strains producing extended spectrum .BETA.-lactamases (ESBLs) were found among Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis and other species. The antibacterial activity of the .BETA.-lactams against K. oxytoca and P. vulgaris was lower than in previous reports. The number of newquinolones (NQs) resistant Enterobacteriaceae strains also increased. Most of the agents exhibited a high antibacterial activity against Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Branhamella catarrhalis. The rate of NQs-resistant N. gonorrhoeae strains was high (50.0%), but remained unchanged from that of previous reports. .BETA.-Lactamase producing Haemophilus influenzae strains were detected at a rate of 14.6%, which is a slightly higher percentage than that found in previous reports. On the other hand, the rate of .BETA.-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant (BLNAR) H. influenzae increased greatly from 3.3% in 1992 and 3.5% in 1994, to 15.6% in 1996 and 24.4% in 1998. Tobramycin, S-4661, meropenem and imipenem exhibited a comparatively high antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with an MIC80 of less than 6.25 .MU.g/mL. The number of multi-resistant P. aeruginosa strains has increased compared to the data of previous reports. Only a few agents exhibited a high antibacterial activity against other species of glucose non-fermentative gram-negative rods, illustrating the difficulty in selecting drugs to treat these infections. (author abst.)

Related Articles;