Rapid Diagnosis of Legionella Pneumonia and Pneumococcal Pneumonia by Using the Urinary Antigen Tests
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Accession number;05A0222408
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| Title;Rapid Diagnosis of Legionella Pneumonia and Pneumococcal Pneumonia by Using the Urinary Antigen Tests |
| Author;
ONO YASUO
(Dep. Medicine, Teikyo Univ., JPN)
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Journal Title;Japanese Journal of Intensive Care Medicine
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Journal Code:Z0581B
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ISSN:0389-1194
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VOL.29;NO.1;PAGE.11-20(2005)
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| Figure&Table&Reference;FIG.2, TBL.4, REF.24 |
| Pub. Country;Japan |
| Language;Japanese |
| Abstract;Although Legionella spp. is an important cause of serious community- and hospital-acquired pneumonia, occurring sporadically and in outbreaks, difficulty still exists in its diagnosis. Commercially available tests (Biotest Legionella Urin Antigen EIA, BinaxNOW Legionella Urin Antigen test) for excreted urinary antigen can detect only infections caused by Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1, but because this serogroup accounts for 50-80% of Legionella infections, they are useful rapid diagnosis tests, showing good sensitivity and specificity. The diagnosis of other serogroups and other Legionella spp. is based on culture, serologic or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests. The diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia is inadequate, relying on sputum Gram stain or culture, and is severely limited by prior administration of antibiotics. The role of an urinary antigen test (BinaxNOW Streptococcus pneumoniae) for the diagnosis for S. pneumoniae infection has also been an important adjunct to clinical examination, showing limited sensitivity but high specificity. The advantages of these diagnostic methods with the urinary antigen detection for two pathogens include ease of specimen collection, the ability to detect antigen after initiation of antibiotic therapy, and the ability to obtain results quickly. Disadvantages include the inability to diagnose relapse or reinfection due to persistence of antigen excretion. (author abst.) |
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