In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity of moxifloxacin, a novel quinolone antibacterial agent
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Accession number;06A0013874
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| Title;In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity of moxifloxacin, a novel quinolone antibacterial agent |
| Author;
NISHINO TAKESHI
(Kyoto Pharmaceutical Univ., JPN)
OTSUKI MASAKO
(Kyoto Pharmaceutical Univ., JPN)
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Journal Title;Japanese Journal of Chemotherapy
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Journal Code:F0608A
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ISSN:1340-7007
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VOL.53;NO.Supplement 3;PAGE.1-15(2005)
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| Figure&Table&Reference;FIG.3, TBL.8, REF.5 |
| Pub. Country;Japan |
| Language;Japanese |
| Abstract;The in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity of moxifloxacin (MFLX), a synthetic chemotherapeutic agent, was assessed by using ciprofloxacin (CPFX), sparfloxacin (SPFX), tosufloxacin (TFLX), and levofloxacin (LVFX) as comparators. The following results were obtained: 1. MFLX exhibited antibacterial activity against a broad spectrum of both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. 2. The antibacterial activity of MFLX against most gram-positive clinical isolates was equivalent or superior to that of other antibacterial agents. It was also equipotent or superior to other drugs against gram-negative microorganisms except Enterobacter aerogenes, Proteus vulgaris, Morganella morganii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The antibacterial activity of MFLX was lower against LVFX-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis than against sensitive strains, the same as the other drugs, but its activity was 1 to 8 times greater than that of the other drugs. 3. The antibacterial activity of MFLX was unaffected by the type of medium, addition of serum, or by the size of the microorganism inoculum, but low pH of medium decrease its activity. 4. The effects of MFLX on the growth curve of S. aureus, Escherichia coli, and P. aeruginosa revealed that its action was bactericidal at concentrations above the MIC, and incubation with the drug at 4 MICs for one hour decreased the viable cell count of these bacteria to between 1/10 and less than 1/1,000 of their original values. 5. Examination of the morphology of S. aureus and E. coli with a differential interference microscope revealed swelling of S. aureus cells above 1/4 MIC, and prominent elongation of E. coli cells above 1/16 MIC. Cell lysis was also observed above the MIC. 6. The effect of MFLX on morphological changes in S. aureus and E. coli was investigated with a laser scanning microscope (LSM). MFLX induced anucleate daughter cells in S. aureus at 1/4 times the MIC.... (author abst.) |
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