Encephalopathies Associated with Thyroid Disorders
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Accession number;06A0484825
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| Title;Encephalopathies Associated with Thyroid Disorders |
| Author;
YONEDA MAKOTO
(Univ. Fukui, Fac. Medical Sciences, JPN)
FUJII AKIHIRO
(Univ. Fukui, Fac. Medical Sciences, JPN)
KURIYAMA MASARU
(Univ. Fukui, Fac. Medical Sciences, JPN)
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Journal Title;Neurological Therapeutics
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Journal Code:X0110A
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ISSN:0916-8443
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VOL.23;NO.2;PAGE.133-138(2006)
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| Figure&Table&Reference;TBL.1, REF.17 |
| Pub. Country;Japan |
| Language;Japanese |
| Abstract;Encephalopathy occasionally occurs associated with thyroid disorders, most of which are treatable. Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is the most common disorder affecting the thyroid gland. Myxoedema encephalopathy is well-known as an encephalopathy associated with hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism can cause a variety of neuropsychiatrc symptoms or signs such as consciousness disturbance, apathy, memoryloss, depression, hallucination and delirium etc. Encephalopathy due to hypothyroidism can be easily under-diagnosed or mis-diagnosed as senile dementia including Alzheimer's disease or schizophrenia. In addition to the neuropsychiatry symphtoms or signs, physical findings such as weight gain (edema), heart failure, menstrual irregularity, alopecia,constipation, discomfort throat, eye signs (exophthalmos) and myopathy (cramp or weakness) are useful clinical signs for the diagnosis of hypothyroidism. Laboratory findings including elevated creatine phosphokinase (CK) and total-cholesterol/triglyceride, low serum sodium concentration and low voltage or bradycardia on ECG allow us to diagnose patients with hypothyroidism. Elevated THS and low free T4 are key laboratory data for the diagnosis. Encephalopathy associated with hypothyroidism can be treated by the administration of thyroxin. Hyperthyroidism also causes various neuropsychiatry symptoms such as irritability, delirium, seizures, very rarely, motor neuron diseasemimicking symptoms and cerebellar ataxia. Hashimoto's encephalopathy (HE) was recognized as a new disease associated with HT, distinct from myxoedema encephalopathy. An autoimmune mechanism has been proposed as the underlying pathogenesis, and steroid treatment was successfully administered. Over 100 accumulated cases have emphasized this potentially treatable encephalopathy associated with HT with a differential diagnosis of unknown etiology of encephalopathy, and suggested the risk of the under-diagnosis of HE.... (author abst.) |
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