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Accession number;06A0654487
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| Title;Review/Advances in Neurological Therapeutics (2005). Brain Tumor. |
| Author;
WATANABE TAKAO
(Nihon Univ., School of Medicine, JPN)
KATAYAMA YOICHI
(Nihon Univ., School of Medicine, JPN)
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Journal Title;Neurological Therapeutics
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Journal Code:X0110A
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ISSN:0916-8443
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VOL.23;NO.4;PAGE.389-393(2006)
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| Figure&Table&Reference;REF.9 |
| Pub. Country;Japan |
| Language;Japanese |
| Abstract;Diffuse gliomas comprise a wide range of neoplasms that differ in morphological and clinical features. Glioblastoma is the most malignant phenotype among diffuse gliomas. Recent randomized clinical trials have demonstrated that the addition of temozolomide to radiotherapy significantly improved the survival of patients with newly diagnosed glioblastomas. The major determinant of temozolomide resistance is the activity of O'6'-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), which is epigenetically downregulated by promoter hypermethylation. Survival benefit from temozolomide in glioblastomas has been found in patients with methylated MGMT promoter but not in those with unmethylated MGMT promoter. In vitro, interferon-.BETA. has been shown to enhance the activity of temozolomide through the inhibition of MGMT activity, which would suggest a combination of interferon-.BETA. with temozolomide as a novel therapeutic approach for MGMT-unmethylated glioblastomas. Diffuse astrocytomas are slowly growing well-differentiated tumors but display an intrinsic tendency for dedifferentiation to a more malignant phenotype. Considerable controversy exists as to the best therapeutic management for patients with such tumors. Recent data from a randomized phase III trial indicate that early radiotherapy after surgery provides significant improvement in the progression-free survival but not in the overall survival in patients with lowgrade gliomas, raising the possibility that radiotherapy could be deferred until the lesions display definite evidence of progression. Medulloblastomas represent the most common central nervous malignancies in children. Combined modality treatment with radiation and chemotherapy has substantially extended their survival. However, delayed neurotoxicity resulting from radiotherapy has become increasing important in long-term survivors, especially in younger children.... (author abst.) |
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